此单价不含木夹条

尺寸:50*70cm  材质:涤棉

春节即将到来，让我们一起来重现老北京餐桌上的游戏

The Life of the Party

THE Chinese are most temperate in the matter of drinking intoxicating beverages. Indeed a Chinese who imbibed at other than meal times or who would take strong drink without the accompaniment of food would be a curiosity.

At the same time there are those who do not drink at all, others who partake in modest quantities, and lastly, a fraternity of staunch souls who have developed a real capacity and set a fast pace at the festive board.

宴会生活

中国人在饮用含酒精饮料方面一向十分节制。事实上，如果一个中国人在非用餐时间饮酒，或者不配合食物而单独饮用烈酒，那反倒会被视为稀奇之事。当然，也有人完全不饮酒，有人只是浅尝辄止，最后还有一群性情豪爽之士，在宴席上已练就相当的酒量，节奏也颇为迅猛。

To enliven the dinner party the Chinese have invented a number of games which are played by two or more guests and in which the reward or penalty, whichever it may be, takes the form of indulgence in the flowing bowl. One which has survived the greatest number of years and which still reigns supreme is known as hua ch'uan (划拳), the matching of fingers. The Italians have a similar game, but unquestionably the Chinese were the original patentees and are past masters in the game, which requires an agile hand as well as an alert mind.

为了活跃晚宴气氛，中国人发明了多种酒桌游戏，可由两位或多位宾客参与。游戏的奖励或惩罚，不论是哪一种，通常都表现为痛饮流转的酒杯。其中流传时间最久、至今仍居于主流地位的一种酒桌游戏，叫作 “划拳”。意大利人也有类似的游戏，但毫无疑问，中国人才是最早的发明者，而且在这项游戏先师；它既需要灵巧的双手，也需要敏捷的头脑

Let us briefly describe hua ch’uan in its simplest form. First of all a guest may challenge a fellow diner to play. It must be understood that the playing of fingers is only permissible during the "drinking courses" of the meal and usually ceases when the more substantial food makes its appearance. Mr. Wang having challenged Mr. Wu to match fingers, both guests are immediately provided with a cup of spirits, wine or brandy.

下面我们简要介绍最简单形式的划拳。首先，一位宾客可以向另一位同席者发起挑战。需要说明的是，游戏只允许在宴席中的“饮酒阶段”进行，通常在较为丰盛、正式的菜肴上桌后便会停止。王先生向吴先生发起划拳挑战后，两人会立刻各自得到一杯烈酒、葡萄酒或白兰地。

(In recent years brandy and beer have both found greater favor with the Chinese, but the native products still hold their own and are preferred by the vast majority.) Wu accepts Wang's challenge and faces his opponent. The right hand of each contestant is then raised and the forearms are simultaneously advanced. At a mutual signal the forearm is retracted, again quickly thrown forward and either a closed fist or any number of fingers are extended. At the same time each player loudly shouts his estimate of the total number of fingers shown on both hands. To guess the correct number and to deceive one's opponent is the object of the game.

近些年来，白兰地和啤酒在中国人中也越来越受欢迎，但本土酒类依然保持着地位，且仍为绝大多数人所偏爱。）吴接受了王的挑战，面对他的对手。随后，双方各自举起右手，同时向前伸出前臂。在一个共同的信号下，前臂迅速收回，又立刻向前甩出，同时或握成拳，或伸出若干根手指。与此同时，每位玩家都会高声喊出自己对双方手指总数的判断。猜中正确的数字、并成功迷惑对手，正是这项游戏的目的。

For example, let us assume that Wang has challenged Wu and they are now ready to play. Rapidly both players' forearms are retracted and extended, Wang extending three fingers and shouting "six", while Wu has extended one finger and shouted "four". Wu is the winner and Wang is compelled to pay the penalty of drinking his cup of wine. The cup is immediately refilled and the game is resumed until an agreed number of cups have been drained or the play terminated by mutual consent. Of course, there are many occasions when the guesses of both players are wrong and in this event the forearms are quickly retracted and extended again. Among expert players the arms and fingers are moved in perfect synchronization and any hesitancy or attempt to deliberately cheat or deceive an opponent calls forth a penalty.

举例来说，假设王先生向吴先生发起挑战，两人已准备就绪。两人的前臂迅速收回又伸出，王先生伸出三根手指并喊道“六”，而吴先生只伸出一根手指并喊道“四”。结果吴先生获胜，王先生则被迫接受惩罚，喝下杯中的酒。酒杯随即被重新斟满，游戏继续进行，直到事先约定的杯数全部喝完，或双方同意停止为止。当然，也常常出现双方都猜错的情况，这时前臂便会立刻再次收回并迅速伸出。熟练的玩家动作高度同步，手臂与手指几乎同时起落；任何犹豫，或试图刻意作弊、欺骗对手的行为，都会招致惩罚。

The Chinese have developed a great many combinations of words and numbers which not only serve to announce their estimate of the total number of fingers but which also provide a sing-song rhythm which controls the tempo of the game. Below is given one of the commonest codes employed：

中国人还发展出大量由词语与数字组成的组合，不仅用来报出手指的总数，而且还形成一种吟唱般的节奏，用以控制游戏的进程和节拍。下面列出的是其中一种最常见的口令（暗号）：

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